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Woman who let child drive car in Crimond must do unpaid work

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BBC A woman with long blonde hair tied up in a ponytail walks out of court looking down. She wears a black top with a beige jacket. She has a water bottle tucked under her arm and is holding an iPhone.BBC

Sophie-Leigh Gemmell admitted culpable and reckless conduct

A woman who allowed a girl aged under 10 to drive a car through an Aberdeenshire village has been given a community payback order.

Sophie-Leigh Gemmell, 32, previously admitted culpable and reckless conduct after footage emerged of the incident in Crimond.

The young girl drove the car barefoot and in bad weather on 10 July last year.

At Peterhead Sheriff Court, Gemmell was ordered to carry out 134 hours of unpaid work in the community, reduced from 200 hours due to her plea.

A video of the incident – which lasted about a minute – was seen on social media.

It showed the child driving in the dark, using the wipers and indicators, and peering over the steering wheel.

A video of the incident was seen on social media

The child has bare feet and music is playing, including by Sugababes in one section.

Gemmell, from Crimond, could be heard cheering during the video.

Peterhead Sheriff Court heard that the child was clearly struggling to see over the steering wheel.

It was also told that the car’s wipers were on and there were large areas of standing water on the road. Gemmell instructed the child to indicate.

The court heard that when police later attended Gemmell’s address, she said: “Is this about the driving thing? I shouldn’t have done it.”

A street sign that says welcome to Crimond beside a road with a lone white car under a blue sky with white clouds.

The young girl was driving the car in the village of Crimond in Aberdeenshire

Last month Gemmell admitted culpable and reckless conduct with utter disregard for the consequences by allowing a child to drive a motor vehicle on a public road in poor weather and barefoot to the danger of others – in particular to the child.

Sheriff Annella Cowan had previously deferred sentence to obtain a criminal justice social work report.

The court was told that Gemmell wished to apologise and showed genuine remorse for her actions.

Sentencing Gemmell, Sheriff Alan Sinclair described her actions as “reckless in the extreme”.

He added that she was very fortunate not to have suffered more serious consequences.

She was told she must complete her unpaid work within 12 months.

Trump turns against right-wing media and his own supporters over Epstein

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President Trump is a 79-year-old lame-duck president, approaching a difficult midterm in which he is likely to lose his Republican House majority.

To add to that is the hardball political reality behind his failing effort to hush the scandal surrounding the decased sex-trafficker Jeffrey Epstein: The right-wing talking heads with the biggest audiences are starting to turn on him.

Perhaps they are having pangs of conscience. Perhaps they are starting to think about their paychecks, their influence and their future livelihoods once Trump exits the stage.

Whatever their motives, those top voices in the Trump media echo chamber deserve credit for keeping their spotlight on the Epstein case. And it is a good-faith effort, because the central truth is that countless young women were abused.

It is deeply troubling that the justice system failed those young women. The plea deal given to Epstein in 2008, which allowed him to plead guilty to prostitution and not more serious charges of sex-trafficking, can only be politely described as “suspicious.” Even Epstein’s death by suicide prompted reasonable doubt and questions about possible foul play.

Huge payments to Epstein by several of the nation’s richest men remain unexplained to this day. And both Trump and former President Bill Clinton had close personal ties to Epstein.

Since World War II, the U.S. media has had to fight the government to learn the truth about the Kennedy assassination, President Nixon’s role in the Watergate scandal and bogus claims that weapons of mass destruction were secretly held in Iraq.

Americans searching for hidden truths kept digging while most big newspapers and broadcast networks played the whole thing down as a kooky preoccupation for weirdos. Without strong investigative reporting, a hothouse culture of conspiracy theories grew on supermarket scandal sheets and extremist radio shows. With the rise of the internet, the conspiracy culture also took root on websites and podcasts.

Beyond new technology, the rise of conservative media is tied to its “free-for-all” embrace of conspiracy theories that generated click-bait and created cults of true believers. Today, the biggest papers and networks are in the background. They follow stories from conservative media as the authentic voice of the right-wing base that allows Trump to dominate the Republican Party.

Even if those stories are false, they are now news. They gained in strength when Trump’s supporters believed the lie that the 2020 election had been stolen and some attacked police officers as they stormed the U.S. Capitol.

The Epstein case is an earthquake for Trump and his base because the man now keeping secrets is the one who was previously advertised by conservative media as their dragon-slayer. He was elevated as a counterforce to the big newspapers and the elite, highly educated people who dismissed the common man’s search for truth.

Now Trump is busy attacking his own followers as foolish for buying “into this ‘bulls—’, hook, line and sinker” and called them “weaklings.” He is also trying to distract his fans by releasing new files on Dr. Martin Luther King’s assassination and sending out minions to make baseless, long-dismissed charges of treason against former President Barack Obama.

Trump has also filed a $10 billion lawsuit against the Wall Street Journal and its owner Rupert Murdoch for reporting that Trump once sent a “bawdy birthday card” to Epstein. (Full disclosure: Murdoch’s News Corp also owns the New York Post and Fox News Media, where I have served as a political analyst for nearly three decades.)

Trump’s strategy of distraction is nothing new. Fifty-five years ago, Republican Vice President Spiro Agnew tried to deflect attention from his own corruption scandal by attacking the media, calling them “the nattering nabobs of negativism.”

It didn’t work. Agnew ultimately resigned the vice presidency in disgrace rather than face prosecution for his crimes.

Thirty-three years ago, Republican President George H.W. Bush attempted to revive his reelection campaign in the face of indictments tied to the Iran-Contra scandal. He handed out bumper stickers at rallies with the slogan, “Annoy the Media, Re-Elect Bush.”

The conservative-slanted media was still in its infancy when Agnew and Bush made their feeble attempts at distraction. Now, Trump is aiming his fire and fury at a full-grown conservative media ecosystem. These are the very loud voices that elevated him, elected him and re-elected him.

One of the MAGA media universe’s core narratives is that Epstein ran an underage sex trafficking ring for the richest and most powerful people in the country — and that the government was covering it up. Two of the loudest voices promoting this theory were Kash Patel and Dan Bongino, now serving as director and deputy director of the FBI, respectively.

“I say this to my Republican colleagues who are defending the indefensible: There will come a day when Donald Trump is gone, but your dishonor will remain,” former Rep. Liz Cheney (R-Wyo.) famously said during hearings on the Capitol riot of Jan. 6, 2021. She is looking like a prophet.

In a striking exchange last week, MAGA-friendly podcast host Tim Dillon revealed that Vice President JD Vance invited him to a private dinner to spin him on the Epstein story. When the vice president is deployed to sway a podcaster, it only reinforces the perception that the Trump administration is involved in a cover-up.

Right-wing voices are right to keep the Epstein story alive. Even if it is only to keep the clicks coming, it must also be said that they are heeding Cheney’s warning about “dishonor.”

Juan Williams is senior political analyst for Fox News Channel and a prize-winning civil rights historian. He is the author of the new book “New Prize for These Eyes: The Rise of America’s Second Civil Rights Movement.”

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Tai Woffinden rides speedway bike for first time since crash

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Three-time world champion Tai Woffinden has ridden a speedway bike for the first time after a serious crash in Poland.

The 34-year-old, from Scunthorpe, was placed into a medically induced coma in March after he hit a fence behind a protective barrier during a race.

In a video posted to social media, Woffinden is shown at an empty Olympic Stadium, Wroclaw, before riding around the track.

The Sheffield Tigers’ rider wrote: “The last four months have been the biggest challenge of my life, but like I do with everything, I get knocked down, get straight back up and keep on charging.”

The return to the bike came four weeks after Woffinden admitted he was unsure if he would ride again.

Woffinden was airlifted to hospital, underwent surgery and was placed into a medically induced coma after a crash involving his Rzeszow teammate on 30 March.

He later revealed he had suffered a double break in his right leg, a broken back, broken shoulder, multiple broken ribs, a punctured lung, fractured arm and extensive blood loss.

Woffinden is Great Britain’s most decorated rider after winning Grand Prix world titles in 2013, 2015 and 2018. He also finished runner-up in 2016 and 2020.

President Ocasio-Cortez isn’t as far of a reach as it once was

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In a move that surprised many on both sides of the political aisle, progressive Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.) recently voted — with an overwhelming majority of House Democrats and Republicans — to support funding for Israel’s Iron Dome defense system. 

To be sure, Ocasio-Cortez’s vote made little difference to the final tally. The amendment, sponsored by Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-Ga.), which could have cut U.S. support, was shot down 422-6

Nevertheless, voting to support continued funding was extremely revealing for what it says about Ocasio-Cortez’s grander ambitions.  

Indeed, not only did her vote mark a clear break with other members of the progressive “Squad,” who made up five of the six objections. 

More importantly, it positioned Ocasio-Cortez closer to the Democratic mainstream at a time when her name has been brought up as a candidate for the Senate, and potentially even President. 

Further, this vote positions the congresswoman well vis-à-vis Sen. Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.), who trails Ocasio-Cortez by 19-points (55 percent to 36 percent) in a poll reported by Politico. 

This is not the first time Ocasio-Cortez has broken from the progressive wing in order to strengthen her candidacy for higher office, although it is the most serious.  

In 2021, in the wake of another war between Israel and Gaza, Ocasio-Cortez publicly lobbied against Iron Dome funding only to reverse course and vote “present.” At the time, MSNBC called her actions a bid to “preserve the possibility of challenging Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer.” 

Much like that vote, Ocasio-Cortez has maintained her image as a critic of Israel, but one who recognizes its right to exist and to self-defense, albeit her recent statements make it clear that she has an extremely narrow definition of “self-defense.” 

This position, much closer to the wider Democratic Party and national electorate, is also in stark contrast with other progressive rising stars, such as Zohran Mamdani. 

Mamdani, the front-runner to be New York City’s next Mayor has said Israel should not exist as a Jewish State, expressed support for the anti-Israel Boycott, Divest, Sanctions movement, and who has taken a decisively one-sided view to Hamas’s Oct. 7 attacks as well as the ensuring war. 

And yet, given the vastly different circumstances between the 2021 vote and present day, Ocasio-Cortez’s July 18 vote carries considerably more weight. 

For months, even as many have doubted Ocasio-Cortez’s viability for statewide or national office, she has travelled the country, drawing thousands to her rallies. Even in red states and districts, voters are coming out to see her.  

At one rally in Plattsburgh, N.Y., a district represented by Republican Rep. Elise Stefanik, Ocasio-Cortez reportedly drew a full 10 percent of the entire town. 

In that same vein, she has shown herself to be unmatched at fundraising ability.  

According to a Wall Street Journal analysis, Ocasio-Cortez has raised $15.4 million this year, nearly twice as much as House Speaker Mike Johnson (R-La.) and 23 times more than Rep. Marcy Kaptur (D-Ohio), the longest serving woman in the House.

Moreover, virtually all (99 percent) of Ocasio-Cortez’s contributions have come from individuals — her average donation in the second quarter was just $17 — rather than big-spending political action committees.

Tellingly, almost three-quarters (72 percent) of her contributions have come from out of state, with a significant share also being spent on advertising in states other than New York. 

In fact, at this point — three years out from the 2028 elections — Ocasio-Cortez is seemingly more popular, marketable and noteworthy than former President Barack Obama was three years before the 2008 election.  

Obama, it will be remembered, was not even included in polls during the summer of 2005. His first appearance in a national poll came that December but was still considered such a longshot that his next appearance did not come until October of 2006. 

Conversely, the Race to the White House polling aggregator shows Ocasio-Cortez (12 percent) in fourth place, and she’s consistently a top five finisher in individual polls. Polymarket even shows her having the second-best odds, 17 percent, behind only Gov. Gavin Newsom (D-Calif.) at 21 percent.

Additionally, in Democratic primaries, the left-wing of the party tends to dominate, giving her a considerable boost, particularly given the enthusiasm she tends to generate among this group.  

Taken together, it increasingly appears that Ocasio-Cortez’s growing national appeal supports her growing political ambitions. 

However, as I’ve stated elsewhere, there are legitimate reasons to doubt whether her viability for higher office corresponds with her aspirations.  

Aside from her age, she will turn 39 three weeks before the 2028 election, and inexperience, Ocasio-Cortez’s political leanings could alienate a sufficient number of swing voters. 

The 2024 election indicated that Americans, including a significant number of Democrats, do not want a far-left Democratic Party, and Ocasio-Cortez has historically been squarely on that side.  

Likewise, even if she is taking steps to quietly move to the center on some issues, she may be underestimating the potential damage it may do among her own base of support. 

Just days after the vote on the amendment, a far-left group defaced Ocasio-Cortez’s Bronx office, painting “Ocasio-Cortez funds genocide” in red paint. Her campaign advisor has also said that they’ve received death threats due to her vote. 

Without downplaying the seriousness and inexcusability of political violence, it is doubtful that the far-left would stay away if Ocasio-Cortez began to be considered a legitimate frontrunner in the next three years.  

Furthermore, were she to become the party’s nominee for either the Senate or the presidency, there is likely a “built in” vote among Democratic voters who would support the party, regardless of the candidate.  

That’s especially true given that she addresses critical needs for Democrats — their lack of fresh ideas, new faces and overall lack of energy. 

Of course, this is certainly not to suggest that she will be the nominee. She may very well decide that making a run at the Senate first makes more sense. Her appeal may also begin to fade between now and 2028. 

Ultimately, the prospect of Ocasio-Cortez becoming Democrats’ 2028 presidential nominee is not out of the realm of reason, and even looks considerably more plausible than it did just one year ago. 

Douglas E. Schoen is a political consultant who served as an adviser to President Clinton and to the 2020 presidential campaign of Michael Bloomberg. He is the author of “The End of Democracy? Russia and China on the Rise and America in Retreat.”

Jumbo and Heineken reach commercial agreement after price spat

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Dutch supermarket chain Jumbo and Heineken have established a commercial agreement, resolving a pricing dispute in the Netherlands earlier this year.

In May, Heineken took Jumbo to court over the retailer halting orders of some of the brewer’s brands.

“Jumbo and Heineken Netherlands have reached commercial agreements for 2025,” Heineken said in a statement.

The group added: “From Heineken, Amstel, and Texels to Affligem, Dutch consumers again have access to their favourite beers at Jumbo. Jumbo has been a valued partner of Heineken Netherlands for many years, and we look forward to continuing our long-standing collaboration.”

In May, the Amstel maker said the Dutch retailer had paused orders of “a large part of our product range”.

“Jumbo has disregarded multiple requests from Heineken Netherlands to resume orders as usual and honour our agreements,” Heineken then said.

A spokesperson for Jumbo, which is part of global buying group Everest, told Just Drinks at the time: “Everest and its partners decided to temporarily purchase fewer Heineken products because they find the procurement prices Heineken is asking [to be] too high.

The retailer signed up to the Everest and Epic Partners buying alliances in 2023. Everest includes Germany’s retail chain Edeka, Netherlands-based Picnic and French retail cooperative Système U.

Heineken lost its legal case against Jumbo later in May.

In the court’s ruling, the judge concluded Heineken did not have “sufficient grounds to grant its claims in these summary proceedings”, as the brewer’s long-term agreement with the retailer came to an end on 31 January last year, after Jumbo joined the buying alliance Everest.

It is not the first time the Birra Moretti brand owner has been in a dispute with Jumbo over pricing. In 2016, the Dutch supermarket claimed Heineken was failing to deliver enough products because the retailer’s prices were too low.

“Jumbo and Heineken reach commercial agreement after price spat” was originally created and published by Just Drinks, a GlobalData owned brand.

 


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Thailand and Cambodia agree to ‘immediate and unconditional ceasefire’

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Thailand and Cambodia have agreed to an “immediate and unconditional ceasefire” after five days of fighting at their border killed at least 33 people and displaced tens of thousands.

“This is a vital first step to a de-escalation and a restoration of peace and security,” said Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, flanked by his Thai and Cambodian counterparts, as he announced that hostilities would end at midnight.

Thailand initially rebuffed his offer to mediate but agreed after US President Donald Trump said tariff negotiations would not proceed until “fighting STOPS”.

Tensions over the century-old border dispute had ramped up in May after a Cambodian soldier was killed in a clash.

Thailand imposed restrictions on citizens and tourists heading into Cambodia via land, while Cambodia banned some imports from Thailand, including fruits, power and internet services. Local Cambodian outlets reported that hundreds of thousands of workers had returned from Thailand since May.

The situation escalated last week, after a Thai soldier lost his leg in a landmine explosion. Thailand closed some of its border crossings with Cambodia, expelled their ambassador and recalled its own.

Both sides exchanged gunfire early last Thursday, with each claiming the other had triggered the conflict which has now killed more than 30 people on both sides.

Many of the casualties on the Thai side have been civilians in villages hit by rockets, according to Thailand’s army. Cambodia has said 13 people have been killed so far on their side, including eight civilians.

Shells and rockets continued to land in both countries even as the peace talks were underway.

Anwar said that Malaysia and other members of the regional bloc, Association of South East Asian Nations or Asean, were on hand to help monitor the ceasefire.

Cambodia’s Prime Minister Hun Manet described it as a very good meeting that he hoped would immediately stop the fighting. Cambodia has been pushing for a ceasefire since Friday, as its outgunned forces have been driven back by the Thai military.

The acting Thai PM Phumtham Wechayachai spoke briefly, promising to honour the ceasefire.

Both leaders also thanked the US and China whose representatives attended the talks. Thailand and Cambodia are trying to negotiate a trade deal with Washington, and China remains an important trading partner with influence.

It will still take many days to carry out a verified withdrawal of troops on both sides and for emotions to cool given the destruction and loss of life over the past five days.

Older evacuees near the Thai border who had lived through bombardments during the Cambodian Civil War of the 1980s told the BBC last week that this is the worst they had experienced.

The Thai military had said on Sunday that more that nearly 140,000 civilians had been evacuated to shelters across seven provinces.

In Cambodia, where the press is severely restricted, the pro-state Khmer Times quoted a defence ministry spokesperson who said about 135,000 people along the border were relocated on Sunday.

A 75-year-old Cambodian woman who was evacuated to a shelter told the BBC earlier on Monday that she still did not feel safe because she could hear Thai drones fly over the tents.

She said she wanted to “see the war stop this evening”.

Watch out, Google: Trump should move online in his fight against left-wing bias 

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Opinions on President Trump’s budget cuts to institutions like the Department of Education, NPR and PBS tend to differ along partisan lines. But the intent behind these actions is clear: to dismantle longstanding ideological bias within publicly funded educational and media institutions.

However, if the administration’s objective is genuinely to root out institutional bias, its scope must extend beyond traditional media. Trump must also confront the digital giants — most notably, Google, whose influence over public discourse dwarfs that of any single news outlet or federal program. 

Google receives substantial financial benefit from federal contracts and partnerships. It has also repeatedly faced scrutiny for partisan behavior and the suppression of conservative voices. While some argue that it is the only realistic option for search, there are alternatives that offer a more balanced experience and directly address concerns about partisan filtering. 

In 2019, former Google engineer Zach Vorhies leaked more than 950 internal documents exposing ideological manipulation within the company. These documents, shared with the U.S. Department of Justice, revealed a troubling ecosystem of “blacklists,” manual overrides and algorithmic demotions specifically targeting such right-leaning news sources as Newsmax and The Western Journal.

Public perception echoes these concerns. A Pew Research Center survey revealed that 73 percent of Americans believe social media platforms and browsers censor political views. Among Republicans, the figure rose to a staggering 90 percent.  

While partisan suspicion alone is insufficient to prove systemic bias, academic research adds weight to the claim. 

Robert Epstein, a behavioral psychologist with credentials from Harvard and former editor-in-chief of Psychology Today, provided peer-reviewed findings to the U.S. Senate indicating that Google’s search manipulation may have influenced up to 2.6 million votes in favor of Hillary Clinton during the 2016 election.  

Epstein’s research reveals how subtle algorithmic biases in search results can profoundly influence voter behavior. In certain demographic groups, that swing can climb to an astonishing 80 percent. This influence is particularly dangerous in close elections, where even a small nudge — between 4 percent and 8 percent — could determine the winner. He emphasized that such influence operates below the threshold of awareness, undetectable by users and immune to oversight, making it one of the most powerful and least accountable forms of political persuasion in the digital age.

To be clear, Epstein had no political motive behind his findings. He was a supporter of the Clinton campaign in the 2016 election, said he has never supported a conservative candidate, and has remained center-left throughout his life.

More recent audits show the trend continues. In 2024, AllSides conducted a systematic review of Google’s election-related search results and found that 65 percent were geographically mismatched. AllSides concluded that this misdirection not only limited access to localized, relevant information, it also diminished the digital presence of conservative voices. 

Yet despite these troubling findings, Google’s footprint within the federal government continues to grow. In July 2025, the tech giant’s public-sector arm secured a Department of Defense contract worth up to $200 million for artificial intelligence services. Google also participates in the Joint Warfighter Cloud Capability initiative, a $9 billion cloud infrastructure project shared with Amazon and Microsoft.  

Through the General Services Administration, Google supplies Workspace tools to numerous federal agencies under a contract projected to save $2 billion over three years. Collaborations with DARPA, NASA, and the Department of Energy further entrench Google within critical government operations. 

Google isn’t the only search engine available, but it still dominates the market, accounting for roughly 90 percent of global usage. That said, there are meaningful alternatives worth considering. Luxxle, for example, is a privacy-focused search engine that gives users greater control over their data and the ideological slant of the content they see. Unlike Google, it doesn’t track searches, monitor user behavior, or build consumer profiles.

If the Trump administration truly aims to uphold ideological neutrality and preserve intellectual freedom, cutting off funding to biased government institutions is just the first step. The greater challenge lies in confronting powerful private entities like Google, which function as modern-day gatekeepers of public discourse. 

Gregory Lyakhov is a high school student from Great Neck, N.Y., and a nationally syndicated columnist.



I bought a used car with 6% interest but the dealership claims the bank pushed back and bumped it to 8%. What can I do?

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I imagine you drove off the lot in your newly financed used car, stoked about your new ride and relieved you scored a decent rate — 6% interest, manageable monthly payments, and the peace of mind you didn’t get fleeced.

Your dealer’s sour update probably feels like a punch in the gut. And it should.

This kind of last-minute rate increase is a big red flag, but it’s not always an outright scam. Sometimes lenders genuinely change the terms after taking a closer look at your credit or your co-signer’s history. But shady dealers know that, too, and they’ll use it as cover to pad their profit.

Fighting for every penny in a car purchase has rarely been so important. Tariffs on new imported cars and parts are increasing the cost of new vehicles. As new cars become less affordable, more buyers shift to the used market, driving up demand and prices for used vehicles — nevermind the impacts of tariffs on the parts used to repair used cars.

You may be considered fortunate to get an 8% rate, even if it’s higher than what you were initially offered. Credit agency Experian says the average rate in the U.S. is nearing 12% — and that jumps wildly for someone with mediocre credit.

Banks really do sometimes decline a deal or increase the rate after initial approval. Especially in used car sales, dealers often let buyers take the car before final financing is fully locked down. That’s called spot delivery or conditional delivery.

If your co-signer’s credit is worse than they thought, or if your own credit report has issues that didn’t show up immediately, the bank might truly reject the original rate.

But it’s also true that this is a well-known dealer tactic, sometimes called “yo-yo” financing, a problem so bad the FTC has a video on it to warn buyers. The dealer lets you take the car home at a “too good to be true” rate knowing they’ll call you back later with the bad news. By then, they’re betting you’ll agree to almost anything to keep it.

Dealers might also claim the bank rejected the deal when in reality they’re just steering you into a loan with a higher interest rate that pays them more in commissions or markup.

US-EU deal winners and losers

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James FitzGerald and Tom Geoghegan

BBC News

Getty Images Donald Trump, dressed in a suit, in a meeting with Ursula Von der Leyen of the EU at Turnberry Golf Club in ScotlandGetty Images

The US and EU have struck what is being billed as the largest trade deal in history, after talks in Scotland.

It actually resembles the framework for an agreement rather than a full trade deal, with details still unclear.

But the headline figures announced by President Donald Trump and EU chief Ursula von der Leyen do offer clues about which sectors and groups could be hit hardest or have most to gain.

Trump – winner

After promising new trade deals with dozens of countries, Trump has just landed the biggest of them all.

It looks to most commentators that the EU has given up more, with instant analysis by Capital Economics suggesting a 0.5% knock to GDP.

There will also be tens of billions of dollars pouring into US coffers in import taxes.

But the glowing headlines for Trump may not last long if a slew of economic data due later this week show that his radical reshaping of the US economy is backfiring.

Figures on inflation, jobs, growth and consumer confidence will give a clearer picture on whether Trump’s tariffs are delivering pain or gain.

US consumers – loser

Ordinary Americans are already aggrieved at the increased cost of living and this deal could add to the burden by hiking prices on EU goods.

While not as steep as it could have been, the hurdle represented by a 15% tariff rate is still significant, and it is far more pronounced than the obstacles that existed before Trump returned to office.

Tariffs are taxes charged on goods bought from other countries. Typically, they are a percentage of a product’s value. So, a 15% tariff means that a $100 product imported to the US from the EU will have a $15 dollar tax added on top – taking the total cost to the importer to $115.

Companies who bring foreign goods into the US have to pay the tax to the government, and they often pass some or all of the extra cost on to customers.

Markets – winner

Stock markets in Asia and Europe rose on Monday after news emerged of the deal framework.

Under the framework, the US will levy a 15% tariff on goods imported from the EU. While this rate is significant, it is less than what it could have been and at least offers certainty for investors.

The agreement is “clearly market-friendly, and should put further upside potential into the euro”, Chris Weston at Pepperstone, an Australian broker, told AFP.

European solidarity – loser

The deal will need to be signed off by all 27 members of the EU, each of which have differing interests and levels of reliance on the export of goods to the US.

While some members have given the agreement a cautious welcome, others have been critical – hinting at divisions within the bloc, which is also trying to respond to other crises such as the ongoing war in Ukraine.

French Prime Minister Francois Bayrou commented: “It is a dark day when an alliance of free peoples, brought together to affirm their common values and to defend their common interests, resigns itself to submission.”

He was joined by at least two other French government ministers as well as Viktor Orban, the Hungarian leader, who said that Trump “ate von der Leyen for breakfast”.

Carmakers in Germany – loser

The tariff faced by importers bringing EU cars to the US has been nearly halved, from the rate of 27.5% that was imposed by Trump in April to a new rate of 15%.

Cars are one of the EU’s top exports to the US. And as the largest manufacturer of cars in the EU – thanks to VW, Mercedes and BMW – Germany will have been watching closely.

Its leader, Friedrich Merz, has welcomed the new pact, while admitting that he would have welcomed a “further easing of transatlantic trade”.

That downbeat sentiment was echoed by the German carmaking trade body, the VDA, which warned that even a rate of 15% would “cost the German automotive industry billions annually”.

Carmakers in the US – winner

Trump is trying to boost US vehicle production. American carmakers received a boost when they learned that the EU was dropping its own tariff on US-made cars from 10% to 2.5%. Theoretically that could result in more American cars being bought in Europe.

That could be good for US sales overseas, but the pact is not all good news when it comes to domestic sales. That is down to the complex way that American cars are put together.

Many of them are actually assembled abroad – in Canada and Mexico – and Trump subjects them to a tariff of 25% when they are brought into the US. That compares with a lower tariff rate of 15% on EU vehicles. So US car makers may now fear being undercut by European manufacturers.

EU pharmaceuticals – loser

There is confusion around the tariff rate that will be levied on European-made drugs being bought in the US. The EU wants drugs to be subject to the lowest rate possible, to benefit sales.

Trump said pharmaceuticals were not covered by the deal announced on Sunday, under which the rate on a number of products was lowered to 15%. But von der Leyen said they were included, and a White House source confirmed the same to the BBC.

Either scenario will represent disappointment for European pharma, which initially hoped for a total tariffs exemption. The industry currently enjoys high exposure to the US marketplace thanks to products like Ozempic, a star type-2 diabetes drug made in Denmark.

This has been highlighted in Ireland, where opposition parties have pointed out the importance of the industry and criticised the damaging effect of uncertainty.

US energy – winner

Trump said the EU will purchase $750bn (£558bn, €638bn) in US energy, in addition to increasing overall investment in the US by $600bn.

“We will replace Russian gas and oil with significant purchases of US LNG [liquified natural gas], oil and nuclear fuels,” said Von der Leyen.

This will deepen links between European energy security and the US at a time when it has been pivoting away from importing Russian gas since its full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

Aviation industry in EU and US – winner

Von der Leyen said that some “strategic products” will not attract any tariffs, including aircraft and plane parts, certain chemicals and some agricultural products.

That means firms making components for aeroplanes will have friction-free trade between the huge trading blocs.

She added that the EU still hoped to get more “zero-for-zero” agreements, notably for wines and spirits, in the coming days.